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High-Temperature Friction and Wear of Hot Stamping Tool Materials Produced by Laser Metal Deposition

Additive manufacturing (AM) offers new possibilities in terms of product design and material tailoring. Thanks to the many advancements in AM in recent years, high-end applications have now become a reality. One potential field is the production of dies for hot stamping using this novel manufacturing route. AM can be used to produce tools with complex cooling channels that would be impossible to obtain with conventional manufacturing. Furthermore, tool refurbishing can be locally tackled with specific AM techniques such as laser metal deposition (LMD). Several works have shown the feasibility of producing fully dense and homogeneous AM parts of high-performance steel by combining process optimization and post-AM heat treatments. However, tribological studies on AM produced tools are still limited, particularly in the context of hot forming. Thus, the aim of this work is to increase the knowledge on the friction and wear behavior of LMD tool materials in hot stamping conditions. A high temperature strip drawing tribometer was used to perform sliding tests of tool steel samples produced by LMD. Two LMD materials were investigated: a hot-work tool steel and a conceptual high-hardness tool material. The counter-body was AlSi-coated boron steel strip. Workpiece test temperatures were 600°C and 700°C. All tribotests at 700°C resulted in AlSicoating rupture, resulting in higher and more unstable friction. The wear mechanisms observed for LMD tool steel were a combination of abrasive and adhesive wear. At 700°C, these mechanisms were more severe. The high-hardness LMD tool material showed minimal signs of abrasive wear; material transfer was more spread-out, thinner, and patchier compared to the other LMD material. The LMD process itself did not seem to have either a positive or a negative effect on the tribological behavior of the tool materials.

DOI Number: 10.33313/512/B0202
Product:
2024 CHS2 Conference Proceedings
PR-512-B0202
Gabriel Macedo, Leonardo Pelcastre, Braham Prakash, Jens Hardell
May 27, 2024
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