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Stirring Efficiency Generated by Electromagnetic Stirring vs. Bottom Gas Stirring for a Giant Electric Arc Furnace — Numerical Simulation Results

On the road to sustainable steelmaking, replacing the blast furnace route with the electric arc furnace (EAF) is considered one of the most viable solutions to achieving carbon-neutral steel production. The proposed charge mix in this kind of EAF will ideally be hydrogen-based direct reduced iron combined with scrap. The furnace capacity is normally in the range of 200•500 tons. Due to the high temperature gradient within the giant EAF bath and lack of CO bubbling in the melt, bottom stirring is highly appreciated from a metallurgical process perspective. The stirring efficiency generated by electromagnetic stirring (EMS) versus bottom gas stirring (BGS) has been investigated for a 450-ton-capacity EAF with the help of numerical simulations and some industrial performance test results. Melt flow pattern, velocity distribution, stirring energy and bath temperature homogenization have been compared directly for these two stirring technologies. Preliminary results show that the stirring power induced by EMS is several times higher than by BGS. The pros and cons of EMS versus BGS in terms of equipment installation, lifespan, operation safety and reliability issues will be discussed in this article.
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2025/01 AIST Iron & Steel Technology January
PR-PM0125-3
Lidong Teng, Hongliang Yang, Monika Zielinska, Zaeim Mehraban
January 01, 2025
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